Thermal Solar Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Thermal Solar Energy - Essay Example (n.d). Cost of operation, equipment and maintenance is expensive. This necessitates the need for a source of energy that is renewable, available at low cost and eco-friendly. The best option is renewable energy that is restored by natural process. In regards to the UAE, the most available source of renewables is solar. The solar energy comes from the sun and the nuclear activities in the core of the sun release radiant energy. The solar energy is quickly converted into electrical or thermal energy (Cameron & Craig, 2010). The paper will discuss thermal solar power generation. It will also outline the advantages and disadvantages of thermal solar generation. Moreover, the essay will concentrate on the utilization of this kind of power in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The paper will consider the reason many people prefer this form of energy. Moreover, it will deliberate on the future of thermal solar power in energy growing economy. Solar thermal energy is a technology for exploiting the energy that comes from the solar for thermal heat. It is transferred from the sun rays and converted into electric current that is utilized in many industrial and domestic settings for electricity and heating purposes (Tabak, 2009). The thermal energy from the sun is described as a small, medium, or high form of energy that is gathered by thermal energy technology. The solar power relies on solar cell or photovoltaic devices that transform sun into electricity (Shakespeare, 2014). The concentrated solar power is a solar collector system that utilizes reflective surfaces to gather sunlight onto a tiny zone, where it is absorbed and transformed to electricity (Technology Fundamentals, 2003). Concentrating solar panels are categorized according to the manner in which they collect solar energy by utilizing power tower systems, linear concentrators, and engines/dishes. The systems

Weight Loss Maintenance Essay Example for Free

Weight Loss Maintenance Essay The book that I choose for my diet presentation was Weight Loss maintenance from the Oklahoma State University Library , I chose this book because I feel that most people go on these crash diets and loose all the weight but over time gain all the weight back because they don’t do weight loss maintenance. This book offered a lot of ideas for ways to self monitor your weight and your behaviors to keep the weight off for the long term, not only does this book discuss the physical aspects for weights loss but the physiological aspects. This book discussed very seriously how much weight loss is defined by the successfulness of keeping the weight off that you loose, it is stated that if you loose 10% of your body weight keeping that amount off for a year or more is considered success. Considering that 10 % seems relatively low only 20% are actually successful with keeping the weight off. But it also says that successful weight loss can still be considered successful with a minimal amount of weight gain, this is still considered an over all improved health. Weight loss can either be intentional or unintentional in studies our population looses weight often UN intentional, this can be a factor in how people are either successful with there weight loss or UN successful. In weight loss maintenance success you have to have a strict criterion that can last up to five years, according to there data if this lifestyle is accomplished 21% of overweight/ obese persons will be able to keep the weight off and become healthy. Research done in this book comes from the national weight control registry which was founded in 1994 to study weight loss and weight maintenance strategies of successful weight loss maintenance. In the studies that they did any individual who qualifies to be a candidate must maintain at least a 30lb weight loss for at least a year, this process would not only monitor there weight loss but there weight loss maintenance behaviors, weight loss history, and their quality of life. About half of the subjects report having been overweight as a child and have struggled with weight loss there entire life, also subjects usually had a family history of obesity. In most cases 90% of the subjects experienced unsuccessful weight loss, for many reasons that participants did not have a strong commitment, strict dieting, and keeping up with an exercise plan. In weight loss and weight loss maintenance to be successful studies show that you need to modify both your diet and exercise to achieve your goal, you have to have strict intake of certain types of foods, exercise, and calorie counting. In the strategies for maintenance of weight loss approaches to weight loss can differ widely among different people but the most common success is the three strategies eating a diet low in fat and high in carbohydrate, frequent self monitoring, and regular physical activity. Furthermore, this book talks about how you need to determine what your dietary intake recommendations is and find a diet that is satisfied in the daily reference intake for calcium, vitamin c, vitamin a, and vitamin e. Recently popular diets have recommended restricting carbohydrates to lose weight, in analyzing the participants 7. 6% only reported eating fewer to 90 g of carbohydrates but most of these individuals energy intake was unreasonable low. The participants that had a higher intake of carbohydrates maintained there weight loss for less time and were less physically active. Individuals that watched there over all intake of food could enjoy meals at restraunts. Other studies have shown that successful weight loss maintenance is associated with changes in both the quantity \and quality of foods consumed. Again, these findings state how much eating low fat is an importance in maintenance of weight loss; this includes reduction portion sizes, reduced frequency of snacks. In conclusion, this book discussed some of the major factors that effect every diet plan, and issues that we all face when it comes to dieting, there is a lot of difficulty in long term weight maintenance but sticking to a diet low in fat, self- monitoring body weight and food intake, and engaging in high levels of physical activity can make a diet successful for you long term. Self monitoring requires substantial effort but is worth it in the end, it can be a life time struggle but once you have maintained a weight loss for 2-5 years the chances of longer term success greatly increases.

Personal Narrative- Finding Christ Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay

The turmoil of life brought me down many hard paths from which I never fully recovered, until I met Jesus Christ. I could see that I was ending up in the wrong place, and I did not know how to get out of it. I had not been faithful to what was in my heart. I knew I was missing something. I knew I was missing Christ. The summer before I entered high school was filled with memories that I will never forget. I met a woman named Jennifer on the last day of my eighth-grade year. She was the Campus Life Minister for my school. She was concerned with where my life was going. Jennifer had seen me before at the school and she knew that I had a lot of trouble in my life. I was a student who made good grades, but I did not really care about anything. Jennifer pulled me aside one day and asked me if I knew about Jesus Christ. I told her that I did. I was raised a Catholic and I had been taught that Jesus Christ was the Son of God. Jennifer told me that there was more to God than just Him being the Son. She asked if she could meet with me and tell me more. At that point I was really que... Personal Narrative- Finding Christ Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay The turmoil of life brought me down many hard paths from which I never fully recovered, until I met Jesus Christ. I could see that I was ending up in the wrong place, and I did not know how to get out of it. I had not been faithful to what was in my heart. I knew I was missing something. I knew I was missing Christ. The summer before I entered high school was filled with memories that I will never forget. I met a woman named Jennifer on the last day of my eighth-grade year. She was the Campus Life Minister for my school. She was concerned with where my life was going. Jennifer had seen me before at the school and she knew that I had a lot of trouble in my life. I was a student who made good grades, but I did not really care about anything. Jennifer pulled me aside one day and asked me if I knew about Jesus Christ. I told her that I did. I was raised a Catholic and I had been taught that Jesus Christ was the Son of God. Jennifer told me that there was more to God than just Him being the Son. She asked if she could meet with me and tell me more. At that point I was really que...

Dr. patient relationship Essay

For quite a long time doctors have the freedom to interfere and dominate the patient’s desires with the sole objective of avoiding harm to the patient . The emphasis in today’s medical practice is individual independence and control and medical paternalism no longer enjoys the indubitable acceptance by the society as the dominant approach to decision making in medicine. But neither is a decision-making approach that is based on absolute patient autonomy a satisfactory one. A more ethical and tested approach is to facilitate a patient’s autonomy by advocating a medical beneficence that includes patients’ ideas and perspectives . This can be accomplished via a model for shared decision making recognizing the fact that the final decision lies ultimately with the patients and that it is only through the doctor’s beneficence that the patient can be empowered to make meaningful and sensible decision that work best for them. For such a model to be efficacious, the return of trust to the doctor patient relationship and patient doctor communication are both important. Introduction The benefit of the patient has been a major preoccupation of the medical profession for a long time. The Hippocratic oat stipulated that the physicians will do their best not to injure the patient and also to restore the patient to their healthy state. Generations of physicians have sworn to this oat. The perspective of the patients about physician is that of guidance with professional skills, knowledge and training to benefit the patient including making unilateral decision about what constitute benefit to the patient. The situation is therefore comparable to that of a caring father and a child and hence the use of the term paternalism. Medical beneficence stood for a long time as the operation mode for doctor patient relationship. Such relationship work well as it represents the essential role of medicine in the society. Since the beginning of few centuries ago, there has been a shift to the individual away from political and religious authorities. Similar changes are experienced in medicine as orchestrated by difference in the tone of the ethical codes of America medical association (AMA) in the last two centuries. Considering the article II of the 1847AMA ethical code entitled â€Å"Obligations of the Patients to their Physicians†, Section 6 stated that â€Å"The obedience of a patient to the prescriptions of his physician should be prompt and implicit. He should never permit his own crude opinions as to their fitness, to influence his attention to them. A failure in one particular may render an otherwise judicious treatment dangerous, and even fatal. †On the contrary AMA’s opinion in 1990 on â€Å"Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship† now states a completely different position:â€Å"The patient has the right to make decisions regarding the health care that is recommended by his or her physician. Accordingly, patients may accept or refuse any recommended medical treatment. † in today’s practice, the principle of autonomy of the patient and self determination has emerged as the dominant ethos In health care, threatening in many instances to totally eclipse the principle of medical beneficence. The simple pendulum has taken such a drastic tilt that, with the exception perhaps of soft feeble paternalism with respect to non-autonomous patients, paternalism is almost always seen in negative light, regardless of its intention and outcome. But medicine is, after all, a human activity aimed at healing and restoration of health. The question now is that can medicine therefore continue to serve the patient if cleansed totally of a paternal motivation? In an essay written by Tan , validity of medical paternalism was rejected and he debated violently on its deconstruction. By giving a passionate support for a patient autonomy against â€Å"excessive expression of beneficience†, many of Tan’s views are nonetheless less than persuasive as it can be invalidated. For instance he gave a real life example of a physician who was said to be unwell singularly on the ground of noncompliance. This is a rare scenario . Also it is hasty to have declared such patient as incompetent and hence the disqualification from making decisions as there was no legal process which include any preexisting psychopathology and a complete assessment of the cognitive functions which are mandatory to determine the incompetence or otherwise of a patient. Another example would be Tan’s accusation that the move by Singapore’s Health Ministry to regulate the practice of the traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) was a â€Å"laughable† one . He seems to have omitted the fact that irrespective of the review methodology used, any system of medicine that is seeking acceptance and official acknowledgment in society should be able to make provision for appropriate level of assurance to the public in terms of how safe its practices are and also the minimal standards of its practitioners. Such thoughts are not what Tan describes asâ€Å"Western medical criteria†, but are instead very basic representative standards demanded by regulatory leaderships to ensure public safety. The choice of Society over which system of medicine it adopts as its mainstream, be it allo- or homeopathic (complementary disease treatment system), empirical or experimental, is hardly a result of paternalism in Western medicine. But Tan however is right in suggesting that there is a need for the ‘western-trained’ doctor to utilise an open mind to alternative schools of medicine. This can only extend as far as a sincere admission of ignorance and a commitment to critically examine any available evidence. Modesty cannot and should not equate unfounded ratification of and recommendation of therapies for which a doctor is void of understanding or conviction. For that group who vehemently oppose beneficence as the reason and justification to overrule patients’ choices, a model advocating supremacy of individual freedom and autonomy is advocated. In this approach, which some people call the informative model. Physician’s role is relegated to that of a technician who provides patient with information and leaves the patient to decide. The model is assumptuous. It assumes the physician role in patient doctor encounter to be passive. It is sadly simplistic view of the profession’s essential roles, duties and responsibilities (Adelaja, 2003) Admittedly although sadly, some doctors are found guilty of promoting this impression and therefore neglecting the essential humanistic aspect of the practice. Furthermore, physicians who are dreadful of the consequences of not respecting and recognizing the autonomy of the patient have been known to adopt such a model. This can eventually lead to a total neglect and dereliction of their professional responsibilities, with a possible danger of administering therapies that are not medically indicated or relevant. By trying to honor autonomy and freedom, physicians merely offer possible options with no professional contribution in addition, and so this informative model is unlikely to serve patient’s interest. In this kind of system, even non-coercive trial to discuss with patients the advantages and disadvantages of their decisions can be considered a total violation of their rights or freedom when in fact, such efforts sincerely reflect appropriate care and emotional concern for the patient’s well-being. â€Å"This model of clinical encounter is therefore unsatisfactory as it can lead to a form of moral and professional neglect by the physician† (Pellegrino, 1976,pg37). Another thing is that the model assumes all competent individual being capable of management of their daily affairs and events based on their beliefs and experiences which also include decision making capacity about their health. Tan in 1978 cited that illness does not have effect on the cognition and the emotion and that patient can therefore make decision about the treatment they receive. We now know that sickness does not affect or lower the rights and morals of a patient(olumuyiwa,2003). However the ability to make informed decision is affected by the biopsychosocial effect of the illness(Engel,1989). To confirm a person as incompetent there must be demonstrable psychopathology and mental incapacity. Steven wears noted in his works about informed choice in health care that if only for freedom and control ,without thinking well on their own choice, it will be hazardous for patients to exercise autonomy rights and therefore overrule the choice of the doctor. Freedom without moral responsibility is counterproductive to the goals and objectives of medicine. A better service could be rendered to patients by minimizing paternalism without so much compromise on the freedom of the patient. Tim further acknowledged though famishly the model to deconstruct or critically analyze paternalism when he said that the exercise of autonomy â€Å"may fulfill patient’s expressed desire but not necessarily transform into serving the patient best ,if at all† . In lim’s own view, hard paternalism is not prevalent in the medical practice of today and that most people are the so-called â€Å"grey cases† (dismal). He used the word â€Å" guided paternalism† as a model to better serve the patient and the aim is to facilitate and enhance the autonomy of the patient. The approach recognizes patients as having the final say in decision making as they are responsible for whatever outcome of their decision . It however emphasizes the duties of the patient and the professionalism of the medical team. The model is a deliberative one and sees the physician as the tutor who clarifies patient’s values and help in the processing of possible intervention. A model like this that takes professional guidance into consideration is relevant for the computer age that we live where patients are equipped with medical information gotten from the internet even though the information is raw and invalidated. The model is consistent with what Thomasma and Pellegrino put forward as â€Å"true benefit†. It holds that the doctor’s assistance in patient’s decision making should cut across enhancing the patient’s capacity with respect to the reasoning ability of the patient. There is therefore congruence between autonomy and baneficience. In this deliberative otherwise known as the shared model, there is a need for mutual trust between doctor and the patient Hard or absolute paternalism is no longer popular because of the waning public trust and regard for medicine. The pluralistic society also sees paternalism as unethical and diabolic. The shared model of patient doctor relationship also has a lot of advantages and the patients and doctors should therefore first be educated on the enormity of the problem. Doctor- patient relationship should be a form of partnership. Under the shared model, Patients need to be enlightened on the importance of a good doctor patient relationship. Time and finance has been a major drawback to shared decision making in health care system. Such problems need to be solved . The communication gap between patients and doctors should be bridged to allow for patient participation in decision making pertaining their health. Patient should learn to be responsible for their healthcare and they should comply with treatment and should not withhold their trust even in the presence of obvious medical uncertainty. â€Å"There is no real need to make an absolute distinction between Paternalism and autonomy and to prefer one over the other† (Davehere, 2000). The drive behind paternalism is beneficence, seeking for the good of the patient. Autonomy on the other hand is based on the fact that patient are responsible for whatever decision they make and should face the consequence. The best approach therefore is the one that mingles Autonomy with beneficence. By sharing the process of decision making, the precision and wealth of patient’s choice can be facilitated by doctor’s advice. The doctor is not patient’s messiah . Similarly; he is not just a mere technician with education. The doctor is indeed the friend of the patient. The doctor cares for the patient as they voyage towards comfort, cure, deliverance and relief. References Code of Ethics. American Medical Association, 1847. Devettere RJ. Practical decision making in health care ethics: Cases and concepts. 2nd Edition. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, 2000 Lim SL. Medical paternalism serves the patient best. S Med J 2002; 43(3):143-7 Olamuyiwa, O (2001, pg278). Introduction to Psychiatry, Oxford University Press. Pellegrino ED, Thomasma DC. The virtues in medical practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993 Tan NHSS. Deconstructing paternalism – what serves the patient best? S Med J 2002; 43(3):148-51

Martin Luther King’s Religous Beliefs Essay

Martin Luther King lived from 1929 to1968 in America, there was much discrimination against black people. Even though slavery had been abolished in 1869, most black people still lived in poverty. Black people earned half the amount white people earned and many could not vote. Martin Luther King was Black American Christian who believed that god made everyone equal. Because of his Christian beliefs he worked towards equal rights through non-violent protests; his beliefs being that there was never an excuse for violence as that doesn`t express the love of god – just hatred. King followed in his father and grandfathers footsteps by becoming a pastor in 1954 in a Baptist church in Montgomery. Following Rosas Parks protest through refusing to move from her seat on the bus to give it to a white person, he became involved in the civil rights movement. Mixing the Christian idea of perfect love (Agape) with St. Thomas Aquinas` philosophy that an unjust law in the eyes of God is immoral, and therefore, not a law. King said in his letter from Birmingham Jail that, â€Å"an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law. † Furthermore his campaign of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience began to take shape. After Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to move from her seat to allow a white person to sit down, King decided it was time to start acting and after calling a meeting, where it was decided for all black people to stop using the buses. This was called a ‘bus boycott’. After 381 days with buses being virtually empty (costing the company lots of money), the government passed a law to state that it was illegal to segregate black people from white people on the buses. This was a victory for King and his beliefs in non-violent direct action. King believed that the Good Samaritan parable was a prime example of how we should treat each other equally. In the parable a Jew is beaten, mugged and left for dead. A priest, a Levite both cross to the other side of the road when the see him. However when a Samaritan sees him he helps him and pays for accommodation and care for him despite Jews and Samaritans despising each other. This parable showed you should love each other as neighbours despite religion or race. King demonstrated how you should stick up for your dreams, follow your beliefs and how violence isn`t needed to achieve your goal. His work made life in America better for everybody, his message to black and white people caused them to think and change the way things were being done.